Ks0001 keyestudio UNO R3 BOARD

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Keyestudio UNO R3 Board


Introduction

keyestudio Uno R3 is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328 (datasheet), fully compatible with ARDUINO UNO REV3.
It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB connection, a power jack, 2 ICSP headers and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.
Note that the two ICSP headers separately used to program the firmware to ATMEGA16U2-MU and ATMEGA328P-PU, but we have programmed the two chips, so generally no need to use them.
The Uno R3 differs from all preceding boards in that it does not use the FTDI USB-to-serial driver chip. Instead, it features the Atmega16U2 programmed as a USB-to-serial converter.
The UNO is the best board to get started with electronics and coding. If this is your first experience tinkering with the platform, the UNO is the most robust board you can start playing with.


Tech Specs

Microcontroller ATmega328P-PU
Operating Voltage 5V
Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V
Digital I/O Pins 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
PWM Digital I/O Pins 6 (D3, D5, D6, D9, D10, D11)
Analog Input Pins 6 (A0-A5)
DC Current per I/O Pin 20 mA
DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA
Flash Memory 32 KB (ATmega328) of which 0.5 KB used by bootloader
SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328P-PU)
EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328P-PU)
Clock Speed 16 MHz
LED_BUILTIN D13


Features

  • 1.0 pinout: added SDA and SCL pins that are near to the AREF pin and two other new pins placed near to the RESET pin, the IOREF that allow the shields to adapt to the voltage provided from the board.
  • Stronger RESET circuit.
  • Atmega 16U2 replace the 8U2.


PCB Dimensions


UNO dimensions.png


Element and Pin Interfaces

Here is an explanation chart of what every element and interface of the board does:
Ks0001-pinout.png

KS0001 5-1.png ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) Header

In most case, ICSP is the AVR，an Arduino micro-program header consisting of MOSI, MISO, SCK, RESET, VCC, and GND. It is often called the SPI (serial peripheral interface) and can be considered an "extension" of the output. In fact, slave the output devices under the SPI bus host.
When connecting to PC, program the firmware to ATMEGA328P-PU.

KS0001 5-2.png Power LED Indicator

Powering the Arduino, LED on means that your circuit board is correctly powered on. If LED is off, connection is wrong.

KS0001 5-3.png Digital I/O

Arduino UNO has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs). These pins can be configured as digital input pin to read the logic value (0 or 1). Or used as digital output pin to drive different modules like LED, relay, etc. The pin labeled “〜” can be used to generate PWM.

KS0001 5-4.png GND ( Ground pin headers)

Used for circuit ground

KS0001 5-5.png AREF

Reference voltage (0-5V) for analog inputs. Used with analogReference().

KS0001 5-6.png SDA

IIC communication pin

KS0001 5-7.png SCL

IIC communication pin

KS0001 5-8.png ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) Header

In most case, ICSP is the AVR，an Arduino micro-program header consisting of MOSI, MISO, SCK, RESET, VCC, and GND. Connected to ATMEGA 16U2-MU. When connecting to PC, program the firmware to ATMEGA 16U2-MU.

KS0001 5-9.png RESET Button

You can reset your Arduino board, for example, start the program from the initial status. You can use the RESET button.

KS0001 5-10.png D13 LED

There is a built-in LED driven by digital pin 13. When the pin is HIGH value, the LED is on, when the pin is LOW, it's off.

KS0001 5-11.png USB Connection

Arduino board can be powered via USB connector. All you needed to do is connecting the USB port to PC using a USB cable.

KS0001 5-12.png ATMEGA 16U2-MU

USB to serial chip, can convert the USB signal into serial port signal.

KS0001 5-13.png TX LED

Onboard you can find the label: TX (transmit) When Arduino board communicates via serial port, send the message, TX led flashes.

KS0001 5-14.png RX LED

Onboard you can find the label: RX(receive ) When Arduino board communicates via serial port, receive the message, TX led flashes.

KS0001 5-15.png Crystal Oscillator

Helping Arduino deal with time problems. How does Arduino calculate time? by using a crystal oscillator.
The number printed on the top of the Arduino crystal is 16.000H9H. It tells us that the frequency is 16,000,000 Hertz or 16MHz.

KS0001 5-16.png Voltage Regulator

To control the voltage provided to the Arduino board, as well as to stabilize the DC voltage used by the processor and other components.
Convert an external input DC7-12V voltage into DC 5V, then switch DC 5V to the processor and other components.

KS0001 5-17.png DC Power Jack

Arduino board can be supplied with an external power DC7-12V from the DC power jack.

KS0001 5-18.png IOREF

Used to configure the operating voltage of microcontrollers. Use it less.

KS0001 5-19.png RESET Header

Connect an external button to reset the board. The function is the same as reset button (labeled 9)

KS0001 5-20.png Power Pin 3V3

A 3.3 volt supply generated by the on-board regulator. Maximum current draw is 50 mA.

KS0001 5-21.png Power Pin 5V

Provides 5V output voltage

KS0001 5-22.png Vin

You can supply an external power input DC7-12V through this pin to Arduino board.

KS0001 5-23.png Analog Pins

Arduino UNO board has 6 analog inputs, labeled A0 through A5.
These pins can read the signal from analog sensors (such as humidity sensor or temperature sensor), and convert it into the digital value that can read by microcontrollers) Can also used as digital pins, A0=D14, A1=D15, A2=D16, A3=D17, A4=D18, A5=D19.

KS0001 5-24.png Microcontroller

Each Arduino board has its own microcontroller. You can regard it as the brain of your board.
The main IC (integrated circuit) on the Arduino is slightly different from the panel pair. Microcontrollers are usually from ATMEL. Before you load a new program on the Arduino IDE, you must know what IC is on your board. This information can be checked at the top of IC.


Specialized Functions of Some Pins

  • Serial communication: Digital pins 0 (RX) and 1 (TX).
  • PWM Interfaces (Pulse-Width Modulation): D3, D5, D6, D9, D10, D11
  • External Interrupts: D2 (interrupt 0) and D3 (interrupt 1). These pins can be configured to trigger an interrupt on a low value, a rising or falling edge, or a change in value.
  • SPI communication: D10 (SS), D11 (MOSI), D12 (MISO), D13 (SCK). These pins support SPI communication using the SPI library.
  • IIC communication: A4 (SDA); A5(SCL)


Warnings:

1. The Arduino Uno has a resettable polyfuse that protects your computer's USB ports from shorts and overcurrent. If more than 500 mA is applied to the USB port, the fuse will automatically break the connection until the short or overload is removed.
2. Automatic (Software) Reset:
Rather than requiring a physical press of the reset button before an upload, the Arduino Uno board is designed in a way that allows it to be reset by software running on a connected computer.
3. The Uno board contains a trace that can be cut to disable the auto-reset. The pads on either side of the trace can be soldered together to re-enable it. It's labeled "RESET-EN". You may also be able to disable the auto-reset by connecting a 110 ohm resistor from 5V to the reset line; see this forum thread for details.


Detailed Use with ARDUINO Software as follows:

Step1 | Download the Arduino environment (IDE)

When you get the UNO development board, first you should install the Arduino software and driver.
We usually use the Windows software Arduino 1.5.6 version. You can download it from the link below:
https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/OldSoftwareReleases#1.5.x
Or you can browse the ARDUINO website to download the latest version from this link, https://www.arduino.cc, pop up the following interface.
KS0313-1.png

Then click the SOFTWARE on the browse bar, you will have two options ONLINE TOOLS and DOWNLOADS.
KS0313-2.png

Click DOWNLOADS, it will appear the latest software version of ARDUINO 1.8.5 shown as below.
KS0313-3.png

In this software page, on the right side you can see the version of development software for different operating systems. ARDUINO has a powerful compatibility. You should download the software that is compatible with the operating system of your computer.
We will take WINDOWS system as an example here. There are also two options under Windows system, one is installed version, the other is non-installed version. For simple installed version, first click Windows Installer, you will get the following page.

KS0313-4.png

KS0313-5.png

This way you just need to click JUST DOWNLOAD, then click the downloaded file to install it.
For non-installed version, first click Windows ZIP file